Value of complexed prostate specific antigen [CPSA] in detection of cancer prostate

This study was carried on 90 males aged from 40 to 81 years old selected from Al-Hussein Hospital [Al-Azhar University] in the period from August 2005 to August 2006. cases in this study were classified into 3 groups; Group I: Included 20 persons who were apparently normal and without any prostatic disease and with normal digital rectal examination. Group II: Included 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Group III: Included 20 patients histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer. The results revealed that there was statistically highly significant increase of complexed prostatic specific antigen[cPSA] in cancer prostate group in comparison to control group [p value 0.001]. A highly statistically significant decrease in Free/Total [F/T] ratio in cancer prostate group in comparison to control group. We found that cPSA is better in diagnosis of prostate cancer than total PSA but its performance was similar to that of F/T ratio except in sporadic cases in which performance of cPSA was better than F/T ratio. In addition, cPSA assay is a single test, measures a single analysis instead of two which is an economic advantage and decrease the chance of errors in diagnosis, it also uses a single set of kits with a single system of analysis. In addition, the complexed PSA is more stable than fPSA which is relatively unstable with long-term storage

Importance and clinical significance of serum sialic acid and lactate dehydrogenase determination in cervical cancer patients

In an attempt to establish a blood-based biochemical index for diagnosis of cervical cancer patients, serum levels of total sialic acid [TSA] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], were estimated. Serum concentrations of the markers in 30 untreated cervical cancer patients were compared with the levels of the biomarkers in 20 healthy, ages matched female individuals with the same socio-economic status as controls. Cancer cervix patients were divided into 2 groups; group [A], early disease [stages I and II] n=18, and group [B] advanced disease [stages III and IV] n=12. The levels of all markers were found to be significantly higher [P<0.001] in untreated cervical cancer patients versus to the control group. TSA was found to be the most sensitive [86.6%] marker for diagnosis of cervical cancer. Combined use of the markers revealed higher sensitivity [93.3%]. In comparison between advanced [stages III and IV] and early [I and II malignant disease, the markers showed higher levels in advanced disease, but this increase was found to be insignificant [P<0.05]. These results suggest that combined evaluation of these markers is helpful for diagnosis of cervical carcinoma patients in conjunction with the studies of cervical smear and other conventional diagnostic methods

predictive and clinical value of acne valgaris in the diagnosis and follow-up of polycystic ovary syndrome: a controlled study

Forty-two females with abnormal menstrual cycle and acne vulgaris and 20 healthy acne free females served as controls were selected for this study. Complete gynecological and dermatological evaluation were done with special investigations including pelvic US and hormonal assay for free and total testosterone hormones [FT and T] and gonadotropin hormones including follicular stimulating hormone [FSH] and luteinizing hormone [LH]. Cases were divided into two subgroups [PCO and normal ovary] according to US findings. This study revealed that US PCO morphology was significantly increased in cases than controls with significant increase in mean ovarian volume, mean level of serum FT hormone and FSH. LH/FSH ratio was significantly increased in cases compared with controls. LH/FSH >2 was present in 27% of cases versus 0% of the controls. Comparing the two subgroups, it was found that there was a significant increase in mean ovarian volume, mean level of serum FT and T hormones, LH and FSH in PCO group than normal ovary group. LH/FSH >2 was present in 32% of PCO group versus 10% of normal ovary group